You might be surprised to hear it phrased this way, but you are a fossil fuel product. Half of the nitrogen atoms in your body are artificially synthesized. They are a product of the Haber-Bosch process, a process that requires fossil fuels. The world's population relies on fossil fuels powering the Haber-Bosch production of ammonia, used in fertilizer, to grow the food that keeps us alive. You are what you eat. In fact, without fossil fuels you probably wouldn’t exist on earth today. When we talk about our carbon footprint, the only real question is which foot – the right or the left.  That might be a lot to swallow, so we’re going to approach this in two episodes. Because to understand the magnitude of the technology Douglas MacFarlane developed with his team at Monash University, to see how radically it will change the world, you’ll first need to understand how we got here. And this story is so huge, so all-encompassing, and (despite being something we’re all living through) almost completely unknown to you, that we’ll have to lay the groundwork in this episode for you to appreciate the next. So, get ready for birds, bones, and guns as we explore ammonia.  Our guest today is Douglas MacFarlane of Jupiter Ionics. He and his team developed a new method to produce ammonia without fossil fuels. Green ammonia might play a very big role in solving climate change and bring ammonia redemption.   Thanks for listening! If you liked this episode, please tell your friends. Hit the like button wherever you heard this so you'll know when the next one comes out. And if you missed any of the episodes, they're waiting for you. Stay optimistic about climate change. Together, we will do this. Sound FX by Pixabay Sound Effects Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - "The Best Thing" by Paper Planes 00:00 - "It Dont Rain" by Ben Strawn 04:05 - "Sentiment" by Runar Blesvik 08:00 - "Finale" by David Morton 08:17 - "Lost Are We" by Alon Peretz 11:42 - "Auf Wiedersehn" by Victor Dance Orchestra 14:20 - "Battle of the Nations" by Conways Band 15:01 - "Ebb and Flow" by Kadir Demir 20:00 - "Heavens" by Itai Argaman Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover

Today we're looking at trees.  This was not the episode I wanted to do next. I had a few others planned, but everywhere I looked for replacements to fossil fuels, people thought trees were the answer. Architects specifying timber to replace concrete in low-embodied-carbon buildings,  companies buying carbon credits from forests to reach net-zero, biomass replacing coal in coal fired power plants. Every solution I heard felt... weird. Trees don't strike me as a 21st century high-tech solution to climate change. Maybe I'm crazy. You tell me. Listen to these voices and tell me if you sense the weirdness.  There are approximately three trillion trees on earth today. That sounds like a lot, but there used to be more. Before human agriculture, there were twice as many, about six trillion trees. Humans removed 46% of all the planet’s trees since the dawn of agriculture, and half of that happened since 1900. So pervasive has human intervention been that only about 34% of the world's forests are primary forests, you know, the kind we think of when we hear the word “forest”. That's 34% AFTER the 50% we've already removed. That means 85% of the world's original forests are currently serving human use. Half of them serve us by no longer existing at all.  The truth is, whatever we use timber for, timber is not renewable. It is a finite resource, one that competes with all of our other resources, and one we've already half depleted.  When you see it like this, you realize so many of our attempts to use trees are absurd. The ideas that we’re pushing to make more, to use more, to burn more, to bury more are such consumerist concepts. They’re anathema to all environmental beliefs and scientific understanding, but it’s environmentalists and scientists proposing it.  That's weird. How unnatural are we willing to make nature in order to clean up our mess? More correctly, how much MORE unnatural than the 85% we already have. This obsession of ours for the regenerative beauty of trees, this timberpunk view of returning to a yesteryear we've long since depleted, this puerile faith in nature to clean up our adult-sized mess, our love of forests may yet be the end of them.  This podcast is called Replace, Remove, Recover, and as you can see from trees, we get so motivated by Replace Remove that we often forget about Recover. We need to stop looking at nature as a renewable resource and see it for the finite and closed system it is. The next time you’re looking for a low carbon alternative, don’t look at trees. Don’t ask nature to solve this for you. Recover means we need a plan for the next million years.  If you want to make a difference, contact the Rainforest Action Network to see how you can protect a forest, not for carbon credits, but for survival. Talk to your local Climate Change Commission to treat biomass the same way we treat coal. Tell your local Emissions Trading Scheme to divorce forests from carbon, forcing funds to be spent on anthropogenic solutions to anthropogenic emissions.  We need solutions that don't involve trees. Rainforest Action Network: https://www.ran.org/ If you enjoyed this episode, please share it with someone you know who needs to hear it. If it made you feel, made you angry, made you cry, let someone else feel the same.  Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - "The Best Thing" by Paper Planes 01:10 - "Sero" by Crest 03:30 - "Many Persons in His Head" by Max H. 06:10 - "What We Have Lost" by David James Terry 10:06 - "Many Persons in His Head" by Max H. 11:59 - "Four on Five" by Yehezkel Raz 13:05 - "Vacuum" by Buddha Kid 15:00 - "Sleeper Valley" by Ardie Son 19:18 - "Erased from My Mind" by Kevin Graham 24:31 - "Less Than Tomorrow" by Raphael Angelini 25:39 - "Four on Five" by Yehezkel Raz  27:58 - "Less Than Tomorrow" by Raphael Angelini Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.

Today, we're looking at one of the world's largest sources of emissions - cement. How do we make cement, and why are emissions so intense? Hint: this time it's not fossil fuels. To find out, we'll look at how the world's second largest cement manufacturer, Holcim, is reducing the embodied emissions of their product. But then we'll go further. We'll talk to Zarina Bazoeva and Matt Kennedy-Good, the founders of Neocrete, a company poised to replace cement and eliminate emissions altogether. But first, we have a party to attend. Let's go! For more on Holcim, visit https://www.holcim.co.nz/ecoplanet For more on Neocrete, visit https://www.neocrete.co.nz/ Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - "The Best Thing" by Paper Planes 00:36 - "Embrace the Ocean" by Evgeny Bardyuzha 03:41 - "Satin and Kashmir" by FrozenjaZz 07:50 - "Tijuana" by Randy Sharp 09:19 - "A Forest Dark" by Alon Peretz 10:17 - "Lost Are We" by Alon Peretz 15:07 - "Origin" by Theatre of Delays 27:34 - "Exceptional" by TURPAK 29:22 - "The Morning Lights" by Francesco D'Andrea Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.

In this episode, we'll focus on wave energy. We're speaking with Heikki Paakkinen, CEO of Finland's Holvi Energy. Three billion humans get their energy from coal. To replace coal and other fossil fuels, we'll need to find an alternative. What if we could solve this by harnessing an energy source that never stops, a technology that rivals wind, enjoys 30 years of little to no maintenance, with no environmental impact?   We can. It already exists. It's floating off the coasts of Taiwan, Spain, Barbados, and Scotland. Holvi Energy developed a device that produces power from wave action alone. Like an unstable boat, it uses off-the-shelf parts to turn wave power into electrical power. Listen to Heikki Paakkinen explain how, and learn how three billion people will get their energy from the sea. For more, visit Holvi Energy Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - The Best thing - Paper Planes 00:46 - Young Rich Pixies - Monster from the Deep 03:11 - Yehezkel Raz - Shallow Water 05:46 - C.K. Martin - Arise a Legend 11:21 and 16:36 - Yehezkel Raz - Deep Blue Sea 12:51 - Ardie Son - Spoil the Mystery 19:35 - Noam Zaguri - Driving Home 22:15 - Life in colour - Waking Up Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.

In this episode, we'll focus on induction cooking. We're speaking with Glen Rockhouse, Chef of 30 years and a kitchen designer at Reward Hospitality. Imagine you're out for a nice dinner at that restaurant everyone's been ravign about. As you enjoy a meal with your friends, somewhere, deep in the bowels of the kitchen, a gas burner flares, cooking your food. When you look at how much gas that equates to, in every kitchen around the world, it's staggering.  To replace all that gas, we now have the technology to cook with... magnets. Induction isn't a new technology, but it's taking over. This is best thing to happen to chefs in the last 780,000 years. Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - The Best thing - Paper Planes 02:50 Semo - Insomniac's Dream 03:38 Taru - Ancient Cave 05:26 Castle Heist - Something New All SFX and Foley work by RRR Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.

In this episode, we'll focus on unintended consequences - Jevons Paradox, Goodhart's Law, and the Cobra Effect (perverse incentive).  For the last few decades there's been a push for energy efficiency, meant to be a stopgap, a way for the world to slow down climate change until replacements for fossil fuels reached parity.  But in the context of climate change, it doesn't matter how efficient we can ever make our fossil fuel use. We're still emitting.  So let's look at how intensive programmes to stop climate change only make it worse, and why. To understand this perplexing problem, we'll take a journey back in time... Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - The Best thing - Paper Planes 01:03 Suraj Nepal - The Essence of Sound feat. Rohit Manadhar 02:31 Kevin Graham - Cora 04:37 and 06:36 Shahead Mostafafar - Paradox 06:59 Ben Bostick - Strange Duck - Instrumental Version 08:08 Francesco D'Andrea - Nice to Bit You 10:39 FVMELESS - Trilly 11:32 Jonathan Guerstein - Coming Soon 12:30 Sid Acharya - Solitude 16:49 ANBR - Premiere Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.

Climate change may be caused by carbon emissions, but it's humans who made that happen. Until we learn how to manage... us... we won't solve climate change. While science focused on the technology, the statistics, the parts per million, we should have focused on the pscyhology, the economics, the humans per billion.  So in this episode,  we'll look at how we're not as rational as we think, and how we even sabotage ourselves. We'll be looking at the economic models that explain human behaviour, models like Loss Aversion and Parkinson's Law. These starting points mightl help us avoid the paths we've been on, paths that led nowhere, so we can reach a solution on climate change. And as it turns out, one of these ideas already won a Nobel Prize... Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - The Best thing - Paper Planes 00:27 Hey Judy - Joke book Duet 00:56 Master Minded - Surrender 01:05 Theater of Delays - Outer Limits 02:01 ANBR - Premiere 11:52 Ziv Grinberg - It's Fun Being a Cat 12:13 Salt of the Sound - In Light Ascending Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.

In many ways the climate crisis mimics the death of a loved one, causing us to experience the Grief Cycle. It may even feel like the doctor has handed you the diagnosis of a terminal illness. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross wrote of the inevitable and natural way humans deal with grief, cycling through denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. If these sound familiar, it's because we all experience this with climate change. Of course you're familiar with denial, but what about the others? Each stage has a corresponding action. It is impossible for us to solve climate change until we have reached acceptance. What stage are you in?   Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - The Best thing - Paper Planes 0:50 Mattiea Vlad Morleo - Stay 2:14 Jon Gegelman - The Core is Gone 4:05 Ace - Astral Body 4:56 Yotam Agam - Qing Long 9:22 ANBF - Yearning 13:41 Jonas Kolberg - Golden Hour Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.

Why haven't we stopped climate change? This episode explores four reasons we haven't stopped climate change in the past, and some very good reasons to start. An essential primer for first-time listeners, and a powerful motivator for anyone who wants to make a difference in climate change.  Music in this episode provided by Artlist.io  Theme Song - The Best thing - Paper Planes 00:28 Frank Bentley - It's a Fast Life! 01:37 Jimmy Svensson - Bad Connection 03:55 Setup - Oliver Michael 05:50 Stanley Gurvich - Free Radicals 08:39 Falling to Zero - Michael Vignola 10:32 Home - Oliver Michael 11:54 Fallen - Kevin Gaham Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Drop us a line on gmail @replaceremoverecover Want to support us? Find us on Patreon at patreon.com/ReplaceRemoveRecover Receive exclusive content including transcripts and private podcasts that answer your questions and respond to your comments.